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#1

 
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Video captures unusual death of baby bird drowned by a fish | Live Science
Description Scientists recently captured video documenting the first reported instance of a fish preying on a newly-hatched baby bird, in a flooded nest in coastal Georgia.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#2

 
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Can COVID spread from frozen wildlife? Scientists probe pandemic origins
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#3

 
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Downregulated miR-451a as a feature of the plasma cfRNA landscape reveals regulatory networks of IL-6/IL-6R-associated cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients | Cellular & Molecular Immunology
Description

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#4

 
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A Nighttime Glow Over Mount Etna – Highly Active Italian Volcano
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#5

 
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Vitamin B6 May Calm COVID-19’s Cytokine Storms and Unclog Blood Clots Linked to Lethality
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#6

 
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A fluid-magnetic solution for sorting plastic waste
Description With the ever-increasing worldwide mass production of plastic, the inefficiency of current plastic recycling strategies has raised several environmental, societal, and economic concerns. Magnetic density separation (MDS) ...

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#7

 
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PIWIL1 governs the crosstalk of cancer cell metabolism and immunosuppressive microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
Description Altered energy metabolism of cancer cells shapes the immune cell response in the tumor microenvironment that facilitates tumor progression. Herein, we reported the novel of tumor cell-expressed Piwi Like RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing 1 (PIWIL1) in mediating the crosstalk of fatty acid metabolism and immune response of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PIWIL1 expression in HCC was increased compared to normal hepatic tissues and was positively correlated with the proliferation rate of HCC cell lines. PIWIL1 overexpression accelerated in vitro proliferation and in vivo growth of HCC tumors, while PIWIL1 knockdown showed opposite effects. PIWIL1 increased oxygen consumption and energy production via fatty acid metabolism without altering aerobic glycolysis. Inhibition of fatty acid metabolism abolished PIWIL1-induced HCC proliferation and growth. RNA-seq analysis revealed that immune system regulation might be involved, which was echoed by the experimental observation that PIWIL1-overexpressing HCC cells attracted myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into the tumor microenvironment. MDSCs depletion reduced the proliferation and growth of PIWIL1-overexpressing HCC tumors. Complement C3, whose secretion was induced by PIWIL1 in HCC cells, mediates the interaction of HCC cells with MDSCs by activated p38 MAPK signaling in MDSCs, which in turn initiated expression of immunosuppressive cytokine IL10. Neutralizing IL10 secretion reduced the immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs in the microenvironment of PIWIL1-overexpressing HCC. Taken together, our study unraveled the critical role of PIWIL1 in initiating the interaction of cancer cell metabolism and immune cell response in HCC. Tumor cells-expressed PIWIL1 may be a potential target for the development of novel HCC treatment.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#8

 
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We are nowhere near keeping warming below 1.5°C despite climate plans | New Scientist
Description The world is wildly off track meeting the Paris Agreement goal of holding temperature rises to 1.5ۜ°C, despite a recent series of more ambitious new national climate plans

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#9

 
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Eco-horror as huge Amazon rainforest plots being illegally sold on Facebook – some the size of 1,000 football pitches
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#10

 
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Google uses underwater fibre-optic cable to detect earthquakes | New Scientist
Description A team including researchers at Google has used one of the search giant's underwater fibre optic cables to detect earthquakes and ocean waves generated by storms, without needing any extra equipment

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 26 February 2021

#11

 
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hacker: India 2nd biggest target of cyber criminals in Asia Pacific in 2020: Report - Latest News | Gadgets Now
Description India was the second most attacked country by cyber criminals after Japan in Asia Pacific in 2020, according to an IBM report released on Wednesday.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#12

 
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Wear OS Bug: Google acknowledges three-month old WearOS bug, promises to fix soon - Latest News | Gadgets Now
Description A report by 9to5Google had pointed out that saying “Hey Google” to activate the Google Assistant has not been responsive on Wear OS — the Android-based operating system for wearables — smartwatches since November 2020. Now, the company has addressed the issue and said that it will be fixed soon, as per a report by The Verge. The company has assured users that it will not only fix the issue but also “improve the overall experience.”

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#13

 
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Western Chimpanzees – a Critically Endangered Species – Share Overlapping Territories With Humans
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature;#Theoretical sciences
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#14

 
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Therapeutic Hypothermia: How Reducing Body Temperature Could Help 10% of All Intensive Care Patients
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#15

 
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Live chat tomorrow: Ars Texas on living through last week’s arctic adventure | Ars Technica
Description Come chat about enduring sub-freezing temperatures without heat, water, or electricity!

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#16

 
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Protocol for preparation of heterogeneous biological samples for 3D electron microscopy: a case study for insects | Scientific Reports
Description Modern morphological and structural studies are coming to a new level by incorporating the latest methods of three-dimensional electron microscopy (3D-EM). One of the key problems for the wide usage of these methods is posed by difficulties with sample preparation, since the methods work poorly with heterogeneous (consisting of tissues different in structure and in chemical composition) samples and require expensive equipment and usually much time. We have developed a simple protocol allows preparing heterogeneous biological samples suitable for 3D-EM in a laboratory that has a standard supply of equipment and reagents for electron microscopy. This protocol, combined with focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy, makes it possible to study 3D ultrastructure of complex biological samples, e.g., whole insect heads, over their entire volume at the cellular and subcellular levels. The protocol provides new opportunities for many areas of study, including connectomics.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#17

 
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Global aerobics before Earth’s oxygenation | Nature Ecology & Evolution
Description Phylogenetic analysis of oxygen-utilizing and -producing enzymes indicates an early emergence of an oxygenated biosphere, providing phylogenetic insight into a question that has more commonly been approached from the basis of fossils and geochemical tracers.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#18

 
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Lenovo: Lenovo announces new service that lets customers offset their computers’ CO2 emissions - Latest News | Gadgets Now
Description Technology company Lenovo has launched its CO2 Offset Services in India.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#19

 
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A prototype of an intelligent underground robotic system for urban environments
Description The European research project BADGER, coordinated by the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), has presented a prototype of an autonomous underground robot with intelligent navigation for urban environments.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#20

 
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The first organism to use oxygen may have appeared surprisingly early
Description Genetic evidence suggests microbes began to use oxygen about 3.1 billion years ago, long before the precious gas was plentiful

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#21

 
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Are humans animals? - BBC Science Focus Magazine
Description Do humans have animal bodies – and animal minds?

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#22

 
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New insight into the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant over BiVO 4 /SiO 2 /GO nanocomposite | Scientific Reports
Description The nanocomposite of BiVO4-based material has been synthesized by one-step solvent method. The morphological, physical, chemical properties of the nanocomposite have been investigated. The results revealed that the surface area of BiVO4, BiVO4/SiO2 and BiVO4/SiO2/GO was 11.13, 28.47 and 43.93 m2/g, respectively. The structural test by XRD proved that the nanocomposites were monoclinic phase of bismuth vanadate. Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation were two main mechanisms that strongly related to pollutant removal efficiency (i.e., methylene blue and phenol). The BiVO4/SiO2/GO nanocomposite obtained the greatest MB removal efficiency due to its high adsorption ability from high surface area, whereas the photocatalytic degradation was insignificant mechanism. In contrast, the relatively low adsorption ability of BiVO4/SiO2/GO nanocomposite was observed when the pollutant was phenol due to negative charge and high stability of phenoxide ions, then the photocatalytic degradation became the main mechanism for phenol removal. The phenol removal efficiency reached approximately 70% in 6 h with H2O2 assistance. The combination of SiO2 and GO improved the surface property of BiVO4-based photocatalyst, however the excessive combination ratio generated the excellent adsorbent material rather than the photocatalyst. Hence, the optimal combination ratio is essential to archive the greatest nanocomposite for photocatalytic application.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#23

 
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A highly sensitive octopus-like azobenzene fluorescent probe for determination of abamectin B 1 in apples | Scientific Reports
Description The development of detecting residual level of abamectin B1 in apples is of great importance to public health. Herein, we synthesized a octopus-like azobenzene fluorescent probe 1,3,5-tris (5′-[(E)-(p-phenoxyazo) diazenyl)] benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid) benzene (TPB) for preliminary detection of abamectin B1 in apples. The TPB molecule has been characterized by ultraviolet–visible absorption spectrometry, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance, fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) and fluorescent spectra. A proper determination condition was optimized, with limit of detection and limit of quantification of 1.3 µg L−1 and 4.4 μg L−1, respectively. The mechanism of this probe to identify abamectin B1 was illustrated in terms of undergoing aromatic nucleophilic substitution, by comparing fluorescence changes, FT-IR and ESI-MS. Furthermore, a facile quantitative detection of the residual abamectin B1 in apples was achieved. Good reproducibility was present based on relative standard deviation of 2.2%. Six carboxyl recognition sites, three azo groups and unique fluorescence signal towards abamectin B1 of this fluorescent probe demonstrated reasonable sensitivity, specificity and selectivity. The results indicate that the octopus-like azobenzene fluorescent probe can be expected to be reliable for evaluating abamectin B1 in agricultural foods.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#24

 
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Why extreme winter freezes will still happen in a warming world
Description Even in a warming world, the potential for frigid Arctic air to plunge deep into to U.S. will continue to exist. Cold snaps will still happen.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#25

 
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Abundance of Life on Coral Reefs Has Been Puzzling Since Charles Darwin’s Day – New Research Provides Answers
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 25 February 2021

#26

 
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Multi-kingdom ecological drivers of microbiota assembly in preterm infants | Nature
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#27

 
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Natural depolymerization of waste poly(ethylene terephthalate) by neutral hydrolysis in marine water | Scientific Reports
Description Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the most widely used materials for food packaging and fishing nets. After use it become waste and, due to poor collection, most will be found floating in marine waters. This paper presents the results of a study of PET depolymerization by hydrolysis. We observed that marine water is a perfect reactant because it contains a multitude of metal ions that act as catalysts. A first-order kinetic model was developed and experimental data fitted to it. An activation energy of 73.5 kJ/mole and a pre-exponential factor of 5.33 × 107 h–1 were obtained. Considering that the global ocean is a huge batch reactor operating under isothermal conditions, the solution of the mathematical model shows that in tropical regions only 72 years is needed for total and only 4.5 years for 50% PET conversion.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#28

 
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Do diet and microbes really ‘PREDICT’ cardiometabolic risks? | Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Description It is commonly accepted that dietary habits and cardiometabolic disorders are connected to the composition of the gut microbiota. However, can we really generalize and predict health by screening faecal microorganisms? A study has taken the plunge and identified a vast range of correlations supporting this possibility.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#29

 
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Brain development in living animal captured in real time - BBC Science Focus Magazine
Description The feat was achieved using a combination of advanced computing and imaging techniques.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#30

 
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Whales and dolphins can resist cancer and their DNA reveals why | New Scientist
Description Whales, dolphins and porpoises are much better at fighting cancer than we are, and a DNA analysis brings us closer to understanding why cetaceans can do this

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#31

 
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The bizarre (and pretty gross) science of whale vomit - BBC Science Focus Magazine
Description The legend goes that whale sick – ambergris – is extremely valuable. But evidence suggests that ambergris is not vomited up by whales at all. In fact, it may come out of the other end…

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#32

 
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Bizarre, bloblike motion of microscopic creature may give clues to early animal movement
Description Choanoflagellates suggest the first animals could morph between swimming and crawling forms

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#33

 
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How to spend a trillion dollars to fix climate change and end poverty | New Scientist
Description Let’s imagine you have inherited a fortune and want to solve the world’s most pressing problems. Here’s the best way to spend your money to make a difference to climate change, disease and poverty

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#34

 
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Moth species becomes more sexually active when bathed in red light | New Scientist
Description An Asian-Australian moth becomes more sexually active under red light than under another colour of light, or in dark conditions

#Environment & Nature;#Theoretical sciences
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#35

 
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David Attenborough-voiced AR app lets you fill your home with extinct animals
Description David Attenborough has fronted a new app, "Museum Alive," which uses AR to bring extinct species inside your home.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 24 February 2021

#36

 
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Why do deserts get so cold at night? | Live Science
Description Desert temperatures can fluctuate greatly between day and night, due to the poor heat-retaining properties of sand and a lack of humidity.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#37

 
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Russia reports first cases of humans catching bird flu H5N8 | Live Science
Description Russian authorities have reported the first known cases of an avian influenza virus called H5N8 passing from poultry to humans.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#38

 
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A robot that allows users to virtually navigate remote environments
Description Two students who graduated from VR Siddartha Engineering College in Kanuru, India, have created a virtual telepresence robot that allows users to see what is happening in a remote location as if they were actually there. ...

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#39

 
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CEO Arvind Krishna: 10 Keys To IBM’s $1B Partner Ecosystem Bet
Description IBM CEO Arvind Krishna says the company’s $1 billion partner ecosystem bet is driving ‘clarity’ in partner incentives, segmentation and tools. Here is a look at 10 keys to Krishna’s partner ecosystem bet.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#40

 
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Worms Reveal How Melatonin Works in the Brain to Promote Sleep
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#41

 
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Extinction threatens third of freshwater fish species, report finds
Description Nearly a third of all freshwater fish species are threatened by extinction, according to a new report released by 16 conservation groups on Tuesday.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#42

 
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Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and foetal acidosis in vaginal and caesarean deliveries: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study | Scientific Reports
Description A high maternal body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased risks of asphyxia-related neonatal morbidity. We evaluated the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and foetal acidosis while accounting for the mode of delivery. Participants from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study with singleton pregnancies after 22 weeks of gestation who gave birth during 2011–2014 were included. The participants (n = 71,799) were categorised into five groups according to the pre-pregnancy BMI: G1 (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), G2 (18.5 to < 20.0 kg/m2), G3 (20.0 to < 23.0 kg/m2), G4 (23.0 to < 25.0 kg/m2), and G5 (≥ 25.0 kg/m2). Foetal acidosis was defined as umbilical artery pH (UmA-pH) < 7.20 or < 7.10. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of pre-pregnancy BMI on foetal acidosis risk, accounting for the mode of delivery. In Japanese women, pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 significantly increased the likelihood of foetal acidosis in newborns delivered vaginally. We found no association between pre-pregnancy BMI and foetal acidosis in newborns delivered via caesarean section. Counselling for body weight control before pregnancy and adequate management and selection of the mode of delivery in pregnant women with a high BMI who are in labour may be essential to avoid foetal acidosis.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#43

 
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Cities should respond to the biodiversity extinction crisis | npj Urban Sustainability
Description Cities globally are greening their urban fabric, but to contribute positively to the biodiversity extinction crisis, local governments must explicitly target actions for biodiversity. We apply the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) framework — nature for nature, society and culture — to elevate local governments’ efforts in the lead up to the 2021 UN Biodiversity Conference. The UN’s Vision of Living in Harmony with Nature can only be realised if cities are recognised and resourced for their roles in biodiversity protection — for nature, for society and for culture.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#44

 
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Whale Sharks Extraordinary Ability to Quickly Recover From Serious Injuries
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#45

 
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Simultaneous absolute quantification and sequencing of fish environmental DNA in a mesocosm by quantitative sequencing technique | Scientific Reports
Description The combination of high-throughput sequencing technology and environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has the potential to be a powerful tool for comprehensive, non-invasive monitoring of species in the environment. To understand the correlation between the abundance of eDNA and that of species in natural environments, we have to obtain quantitative eDNA data, usually via individual assays for each species. The recently developed quantitative sequencing (qSeq) technique enables simultaneous phylogenetic identification and quantification of individual species by counting random tags added to the 5′ end of the target sequence during the first DNA synthesis. Here, we applied qSeq to eDNA analysis to test its effectiveness in biodiversity monitoring. eDNA was extracted from water samples taken over 4 days from aquaria containing five fish species (Hemigrammocypris neglectus, Candidia temminckii, Oryzias latipes, Rhinogobius flumineus, and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), and quantified by qSeq and microfluidic digital PCR (dPCR) using a TaqMan probe. The eDNA abundance quantified by qSeq was consistent with that quantified by dPCR for each fish species at each sampling time. The correlation coefficients between qSeq and dPCR were 0.643, 0.859, and 0.786 for H. neglectus, O. latipes, and M. anguillicaudatus, respectively, indicating that qSeq accurately quantifies fish eDNA.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 23 February 2021

#46

 
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Scientists Find Link Between Outside Temperature and COVID-19 Transmission Rates
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#47

 
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Positive symptom phenotypes appear progressively in “EDiPS”, a new animal model of the schizophrenia prodrome | Scientific Reports
Description An increase in dopamine (DA) synthesis capacity in the dorsal striatum (DS) during the prodromal stage of schizophrenia becomes more pronounced as patients progress to the full disorder. Understanding this progression is critical to intervening in disease course. We developed an animal model—Enhanced Dopamine in Prodromal Schizophrenia (EDiPS)—which uses a genetic construct to increase DA synthesis capacity in the DS of male rats. We assessed pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) and amphetamine (AMPH)-induced locomotion (0.6 mg/kg) in EDiPS animals longitudinally after post-natal day 35 (when the EDiPS construct is administered). We also assessed their response to repeated acute restraint stress. In adult EDiPS animals, we measured baseline and evoked extracellular DA levels, and their stereotyped responses to 5 mg/kg AMPH. AMPH-induced hyperlocomotion was apparent in EDiPS animals 6-weeks after construct administration. There was an overall PPI deficit in EDiPS animals across all timepoints, however the stress response of EDiPS animals was unaltered. Adult EDiPS animals show normal baseline and potassium-evoked DA release in the DS. These findings suggest that key behavioural phenotypes in EDiPS animals show a progressive onset, similar to that demonstrated by patients as they transition to schizophrenia. The EDiPS model could therefore be used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the prodrome of schizophrenia.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#48

 
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Worming their way into a blob | Nature Reviews Physics
Description A paper in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reports on how an aquatic worm forms entangled blobs that move collectively, without the need for centralized control or even communication between the worms.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#49

 
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Ocean Warming Predicted to Amplify Tropical Rainfall Extremes
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#50

 
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Covid-19 is a wake-up call to stop abusing the ecosystems we depend on | New Scientist
Description Our assault on nature has led to a crisis similar in magnitude to climate change – and one that no government, business or individual can afford to ignore

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#51

 
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Brazil is using the pandemic to weaken environmental protections | New Scientist
Description The Brazilian government has passed 57 legislative acts that weaken environmental protections, half of which occurred during the covid-19 pandemic

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#52

 
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Your garden is a lifeline for struggling urban bees - BBC Science Focus Magazine
Description Just three gardens can produce enough food to fuel thousands of flying bees.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#53

 
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Mapping Microplastics Along The Ganges River Basin - Asian Scientist Magazine
Description Combined flows from the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna river basin could send up to three billion microplastics each day into the Bay of Bengal.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#54

 
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A new chameleon species may be the world’s tiniest reptile | Science News for Students
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature;#Theoretical sciences
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#55

 
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'March Mammal Madness' Brings Simulated Animal Fights to Huge Audiences - Scientific American
Description The annual science education event describes imaginary encounters to teach ecology

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#56

 
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A double-edged sword of immuno-microenvironment in cardiac homeostasis and injury repair | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
Description The response of immune cells in cardiac injury is divided into three continuous phases: inflammation, proliferation and maturation. The kinetics of the inflammatory and proliferation phases directly influence the tissue repair. In cardiac homeostasis, cardiac tissue resident macrophages (cTMs) phagocytose bacteria and apoptotic cells. Meanwhile, NK cells prevent the maturation and transport of inflammatory cells. After cardiac injury, cTMs phagocytose the dead cardiomyocytes (CMs), regulate the proliferation and angiogenesis of cardiac progenitor cells. NK cells prevent the cardiac fibrosis, and promote vascularization and angiogenesis. Type 1 macrophages trigger the cardioprotective responses and promote tissue fibrosis in the early stage. Reversely, type 2 macrophages promote cardiac remodeling and angiogenesis in the late stage. Circulating macrophages and neutrophils firstly lead to chronic inflammation by secreting proinflammatory cytokines, and then release anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, which regulate cardiac remodeling. In this process, dendritic cells (DCs) mediate the regulation of monocyte and macrophage recruitment. Recruited eosinophils and Mast cells (MCs) release some mediators which contribute to coronary vasoconstriction, leukocyte recruitment, formation of new blood vessels, scar formation. In adaptive immunity, effector T cells, especially Th17 cells, lead to the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis, including the distal fibrosis and scar formation. CMs protectors, Treg cells, inhibit reduce the inflammatory response, then directly trigger the regeneration of local progenitor cell via IL-10. B cells reduce myocardial injury by preserving cardiac function during the resolution of inflammation.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 22 February 2021

#57

 
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Fauci: Vaccine distribution should be back on track by midweek after storm delays
Description Winter storms have delayed distribution of 6 million Covid-19 vaccine doses, but Dr. Anthony Fauci said it should be back on track by midweek.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 21 February 2021

#58

 
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Critically endangered baby whale washes up dead on Florida coast | Live Science
Description An endangered whale calf has been found dead on a beach in Florida with signs it was hit by a boat. The calf was one of less than 400 North Atlantic right whales left on Earth.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 21 February 2021

#59

 
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X-Ray Emission From Mysterious Dark Matter
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 21 February 2021

#60

 
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Name
Breeding Better Seeds: Sustainable, More Nutritious Food Production Under the Specter of Global Warming
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 21 February 2021

#61

 
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Synergistic epistasis enhances the co-operativity of mutualistic interspecies interactions | The ISME Journal
Description Early evolution of mutualism is characterized by big and predictable adaptive changes, including the specialization of interacting partners, such as through deleterious mutations in genes not required for metabolic cross-feeding. We sought to investigate whether these early mutations improve cooperativity by manifesting in synergistic epistasis between genomes of the mutually interacting species. Specifically, we have characterized evolutionary trajectories of syntrophic interactions of Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Dv) with Methanococcus maripaludis (Mm) by longitudinally monitoring mutations accumulated over 1000 generations of nine independently evolved communities with analysis of the genotypic structure of one community down to the single-cell level. We discovered extensive parallelism across communities despite considerable variance in their evolutionary trajectories and the perseverance within many evolution lines of a rare lineage of Dv that retained sulfate-respiration (SR+) capability, which is not required for metabolic cross-feeding. An in-depth investigation revealed that synergistic epistasis across pairings of Dv and Mm genotypes had enhanced cooperativity within SR− and SR+ assemblages, enabling their coexistence within the same community. Thus, our findings demonstrate that cooperativity of a mutualism can improve through synergistic epistasis between genomes of the interacting species, enabling the coexistence of mutualistic assemblages of generalists and their specialized variants.

#Environment & Nature;#Theoretical sciences
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 21 February 2021

#62

 
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Gulf of Mexico blue hole harbors high levels of novel microbial lineages | The ISME Journal
Description Exploration of oxygen-depleted marine environments has consistently revealed novel microbial taxa and metabolic capabilities that expand our understanding of microbial evolution and ecology. Marine blue holes are shallow karst formations characterized by low oxygen and high organic matter content. They are logistically challenging to sample, and thus our understanding of their biogeochemistry and microbial ecology is limited. We present a metagenomic and geochemical characterization of Amberjack Hole on the Florida continental shelf (Gulf of Mexico). Dissolved oxygen became depleted at the hole’s rim (32 m water depth), remained low but detectable in an intermediate hypoxic zone (40–75 m), and then increased to a secondary peak before falling below detection in the bottom layer (80–110 m), concomitant with increases in nutrients, dissolved iron, and a series of sequentially more reduced sulfur species. Microbial communities in the bottom layer contained heretofore undocumented levels of the recently discovered phylum Woesearchaeota (up to 58% of the community), along with lineages in the bacterial Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR). Thirty-one high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) showed extensive biochemical capabilities for sulfur and nitrogen cycling, as well as for resisting and respiring arsenic. One uncharacterized gene associated with a CPR lineage differentiated hypoxic from anoxic zone communities. Overall, microbial communities and geochemical profiles were stable across two sampling dates in the spring and fall of 2019. The blue hole habitat is a natural marine laboratory that provides opportunities for sampling taxa with under-characterized but potentially important roles in redox-stratified microbial processes.

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 21 February 2021

#63

 
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Blame Climate Change: Allergy Seasons Are Getting Worse
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 21 February 2021

#64

 
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Name
A Sea of Garbage: Ocean Floor Landfills
Description TBD

#Environment & Nature
Field # Environment & Nature
Updated 21 February 2021

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